styles from ch. 14, 20, 21, & 22 for midterm exam

style/artist/subject matter/title/innovation/gaze/gesture/elements/principles

late medieval
circa 900-1100 CE
10th-12th century
-end of millennium long christian church domination in europe
-distortion of human figure (physical deformity= damnation)
-focus on austere architecture & sculptural embellishments

gothic
1200s
13th century
-pointed arches attempt to pierce heaven
-invention  of stained glass artforms in high vaults
-ultra conservative (closed) mindset
-artists in guilds in anonymity (no individual identity)

byzantine revival
flashback to 4th century Rome- artists scared of moving forward stick w what they know- byzantine
-established during the schism in christendom (rome- west/ constantinople- fast)
-concealment of the body
-emphatic vertical stacking
-elongation of nose & fingers
-frozen stare or gaze
-flat forms void of dimensionality
-extensive use of blue & gold

northern renaissance
15th century flemish/ 16th century german
-heightened interest in iconography
-infusion of secular subject matter along w religious prototypes
-unique female aesthetic- high forehead/distended abdomen/ extreme palir/ hair horns
-rise of fame & identity of the artist

proto/early renaissance
circa 1300-1400 CE
14th-15th century
-experimentation w three dimensional space
-interest in naturalistic rendering of human form
-aftershock from the black plague
-rise of the independent patron
-intro to linear perspective

high renaissance
florence/milan
circa 1480s-1570s
late 15th-late 16th c
-linear perspective
-trompe l'oeil experimentation
-exploration of human psychology via art

rome
-intraversion & exclusivity- erudite audience
-revival of greek & roman prototypes
-dynamic & ideal bodies in motion
-explosion of humanism & quest for excellence
-fusion of religious &  secular powers

venice
-harmony in asymmetrical balance
-emphasis on idyllic landscapes
-dominance of secular subject matter
-overt opulence (fancy fabric?)

mannerism
circa 1570s-1590s
late 16th century
-anti classical forms & rules
-illogical narratives
-crowded compositions
-irrational emotional content