voices of the avant garde | dada: hausmann, tzara, hartfield, arp, balla, man ray and duchamp | merz: schwitters

AP art history notes google drive link

key terms:

café voltaire, zurich
hugo ball
richard huelsenbeck

jean arp

tristan tzara

john heartfield
raoul hausmann

dada magazine
kurt schwitters: merz magazine
kate steinitz

schwitters and van doesburg: the scarecrow, 1922
hanna hoch

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• WWI (1914) was unprecedented

-had new weaponry
-first time w tanks
-trench warfare
-mustard gas
-whole populations mobilized
-factories repurposed to create war materials

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dada-ists:
-resisted idea that art would be made & put in a museum
-"where did we go wrong?"
-"anti-art"
-art was about ideas
  absurdity
-utilize graphic communication
-artists opposed to war gather in zurich, switzerland
  became founders of dada
-rebellious movement against WWI
  wanted to change status quo
  provocative, offensive, chaotic, irrational

  scandalous exhibitions
  rejected logic & reason

-inspired by italian futurists

  rejected ideas & values & complacency of old europe

cafe voltaire (where they met) then

cafe voltaire now

dada-ists led by hugo ball
created nonsense poetry & announcement
absurd theatre

neutral switzerland

hugo ball

richard huelsenbeck

jean arp

tristan tzara

hugo ball reciting poem: karawanenonsense, absurdity, provocation

use of onomatopoeia

puppet show at cabre voltaire

play by tzara
use irony, satire, ridicule, improvisation
to shock public to see their hypocrisy

dada soiree- janco

tzara's poster for a "dada evening"

dada conference in germany in 1922 (post-war)

• dada would feed into surrealism

tzara started dada magazine- edited & published
1917

can see influence of futurism
skewed grid

interior of dada magazine
word & image used together
side-ways words

dada manifesto- tzara
"dada is the abolition of logic & social hierarchies"

tzara
1922
no clear communication of idea/event/announcement
WWI was over

magazine cover of picabia
published his own journal

marcel duchamp
advocate of dada-ist ideas

the fountain- duchamp
"this is art bc i say it is so"

huelsenbeck
conduit of dada-ist to germany
leaves switzerland & goes back to germany to stir up dada-ism

installation- huelsenbeck
first international dada affair
at top, figure w pig face & military costume = political commentary

raoul hausmann
publisher of der dada

der dada

dada #3
includes photo of hausmann
use of photo montage

kurt schwitters:

-was not political enough

  couldn't get in berlin group = "outcast"
-published own journal
  created merz magazine
  merz = type of college

kurt schwitters

hanover, germany

collage- schwitters
nonsense/chance/surprise elements
aware of tonality, color, balance, & order

schwitter's journal

kate steinitz
schwitters
van doesburg

story book created by hanover dada group

dada evening poster

dada evening poster
1923
pushing limits of legibility
"never do what someone before you has done"

cut w the kitchen knife dada through the last weimar beer
belly cultural epoch of germany- hannah hochcollage/photo montage
1919
words, images, etc.

hanna hoch

eyes (collage)- hanna hoch
heightened criticism

the art critic- hausmann

john heartfield

hitler- john heartfield

john heartfield

berlin dada exhibition

poster for dada ball

"what is dada?"